Tuscany farmhouse accommodation

Marengo Farmhouse: Tuscany farmhouse accommodation:

The periods of kingdom of Cosimo II (1609-1621) and of Ferdinando II (1621-1670) they marked besides the beginning of a phase of stagnation and a strong weakening on the international plan: Spain took back in full the control of the foreign politics of the granducato, despite an attempt of Ferdinando II (to halves the century) to promote an unitary politics of States Italian. Also on the economic plan, beginning from halves the century, the situation was characterized by an evident phase of regression, that under the two following granduchi, Cosimo III (1670-1723) and Gian Gastone (1723 - 1737), went accenting himself/herself/itself; the two last Medical assistettero therefore impotent to the decisions of the European powers that, foreseeing the to extinguish him some dynasty, they had the succession. Assigned at first (London, 1718) to Charles, child of Phillip V of Spain, Tuscany ended then under the dominion of Francis Stefano of Lorena (1737-1765), husband of the future empress Maria Teresa. Under the new dynasty the granducato, even if reduced to condition of satellite of the empire, it came to profit some favorable orientation to the reforms illuminated that went prevailing in the dominoes absburgici. The reforming work was broadly developed under Pietro Leopoldo The (1765-1790); thanks to the abolition of the inside customs (with a series of provisions that you/they have gone since 1767 to 1783) the Tuscan agricultural production received a notable impulse; between 1747 and 1789 the free merchantability of the real estate was realized, also favoring so the strengthening and the amplification of the class of the land owners. In 1781 this work flowed in a project of constitution, compiled by Francis Maria Gianni; with the help of this and Pompeo Neri, Pietro Leopoldo The it put also an ample action on the ecclesiastical ground that moved by reforms giurisdizionaliste and it led in an attempt of reform that heard again of a strong inspiration giansenista into effect; however interrupted, this address left then a strong imprint in the following Tuscan liberal culture. With the advent of Ferdinando III (1790-1801; 1814 - 1824) the conservative reflux, already perceivable in the last years of Pietro Leopoldo, he/she succeeded in imposing himself/herself/themselves with an action that saw his/her point of strength in the stiffening of the regimes absolutists the French events. Occupied from France in 1799, regained by the Austrians, you/he/she was assigned, in base to the essay of Lunéville and with the denomination of kingdom of Etruria, to Ludovico I of Borbone (1801-1803) then to his/her/their child Ludovico II (1803-1807). Annexed to the Napoleonic empire (1807), Tuscany was again erect in granducato for Annulled Bonaparte Baciocchi (1809-1814). Reforms and administrative improvements of Napoleonic imprint characterized the life of the granducato up to 1814, when, after a brief occupation from the troops of Murat, the congress in Vienna returned him/it to Ferdinando III with some territorial amplifications. The Restoration had a particularly moderate character and meant the return to the arrangements of Pietro Leopoldo. Under Leopoldo II (1824-1859) the tolerant climate made of Tuscany a shelter for the Italian political exiles of other States and the center of a liberal-reforming movement that its greater expression had in the group of G. P. Vieusseux; this, despite the reactionary pressures of Austria. In 1848, after the installation of the constitutional regime with the bathroom presided by Cosimo Ridolfi, the granduca Leopoldo II has to allow the share of regular troops and volunteers the first war of independence against Austria; but after the failure of the military country it was had here also the lean out of a strong movement democrat and a new office Guerrazzi-Montanelli he/she asked the convocation of a national costituent to Rome. Leopoldo II abandoned the throne and was sheltered to Gaeta, while the liberal-moderate tides dissociated their responsibilities from the triumvirate Guerrazzi-Montanelli-Mazzoni, that had assumed the power (February 1849); this opposition seemed at first to be able to be neutralized with the assumption of the dictatorship from Guerrazzi, but in April 1849 the moderates took back the initiative, they arrested Guerrazzi and they asked the return of the granduca. These attended nevertheless to be able to reenter after the intervention of the Austrian weapons (July 1849); such action meant the breakup of the collaboration between the moderates and the granduca; they took therefore he/she forces the current filosabaudes, that made head to the national Society of You Flour, on one side, and, from the other, the groups mazziniani. In front of the 1859 war the dominion of Leopoldo was run over therefore from a definitive crisis, that he/she forced him/it to the exile (April 27 th 1859), while in Florence the provisional government of Ubaldino Peruzzi offered the dictatorship to Vittorio Emanuele II; these you/he/she accepted, for reasons for international politics, only the protectorate and you/he/she sent what commissioner Carlo Boncompagni; to the presidency of the government you/he/she had called Bettino Ricasoli that, following the armistice of Villafranca, you/he/she imposed the monarchic solution sabauda, ratified March 15 th 1860 by the plebiscite for Vittorio Emanuele II.